Window construction



Jan. 19,' 1943. G. scHuLER ITAL 2,308,548

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Fil'ed July 1'?, 194i)y 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 19', 1943.

G. scHULER ErAL w'INnow CONSTRUCTION Filed July 17,v 194o a sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 19, 1943 OFICE WINDOW CGNSTRUCTION George Schuler, Brooklyn, and Henry Tymann,

' Woodside, N. Y.

Application July 17, 1940, Serial No. 345,874

Claims.

Our invention relates to window frame and sash construction.

This invention is an improvement upon the construction set forth in patent to George Schuler, one of the present inventors, for Window construction, No. 2,165,943, granted July l1, 1939.

The principal object of our invention is to provide a combined swinging and sliding type of window construction, in which both the upper and lower sashes are constructed to swing inwardly to permit easy cleaning without endangering the life of the operator.

l Another object is to provide an improved construction in which the same fixtures co-operate to permit both the swinging and the sliding action at any point in the frame between its lower and upper ends.

Another object is to provide an improved construction by which the sashes may be moved up and down in the frame independently Aof each other and also maybe swung independently or together.

Another object is to provide improved means for practically sealing the sashes in the frame to prevent air from flowing between the abutting surfaces.

Another .object is to provide means permitting the expansion and contraction .of various parts without lessening the operativeness or the weather-tightness of the window.

Another object is to provide an improved form of sliding hinge. y

Another object is to provide means servingas a part of the sliding means and at the same time to prevent said sashes from swinging open, when engaged, and easily` releasable to permit said sashes to swing.

Another object is to provide a construction by which vthe sashesmay be entirely removed.

Another object is to provide an exceptionally strong sash construction, and one which will not bind in operation.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following specification or will be obvious therefrom and from .the drawings without being specically pointed out.

With the above and other objects .of the invention in View, the invention consists in thenovel construction, arrangement `and combination of various devices, elements and parts, as .setforth in the claims hereof, one embodiment of the same being illustrated in the accompanying .drawings and described in thisspecification.

yReferring to .the ,drawings which form a part Vof the specification:

k2() bottom members, respectively.

1,0 dotted lines;

Fig. 3 is a view on an enlarged scale of the construction shown at the left-hand portion of Fig. 2, but showing only Vthe closed portion of the sashes; and

l5 Fig. Llis an extended view, on an enlargedscale,

showing certain parts of the sliding hinge construction.

lil and Il indicate left and right side frame members ,of ,the window, and l2 and I3 top and is and l5 indicate the sash-weights, and i6 thechannel at the left-hand side in which said Weights rise and fall, no weights being required at the opposite or lright-hand side.

In practice, such additional side, top, and bottom or sill members as may be needed to provide a finished appearance, would be provided, which may be of the usual or any suitable construction, and need not be here described.

The right-hand side member, ll, .is provided with oset portions, as shown in Fig. 2 and Vbelow described. The left-hand side member, lil, is provided with a shoulder i8, shown as formed by an attached strip l1, but which could be formed integral with member l0 if desired.

29 and 2l `indicate respectively the upper and lower sashes. The left-hand edge of each sash is provided with a metal strip D2'2, forming a bearing surface or armor and bent to form a U- shaped central channel 23 (see particularly Fig.

3). vSaid portion 23 fits into a corresponding groove 2!! in the material of the sash frame. As shown, the strips .22 are secured to sashes .20 and 2l by inturned edges 125 embedded in the wood of the sash, and overturned end portions 25 at the top and bottom, the latter being seen in. Fig. 3 in full lines at the top of sash 2i and in dot at the bottom of sash 28. The angles formed by inturned edges 25 project somewhat beyond the inner and outer surfaces of the sash, respectively, to provide an additional weather-strip effect.

Extending from top to bottom of side frame member l0 and screwed thereto, are three metal guiding strips, 30, 3| and 32, preferably ofsheet steel, the edges 33, 33, 34, 34, and 35, 35, of which extend behind and engage fiat cores of iron 35, 3l and 3S. Each of strips 36 and 3| is bent or doubled upon itself along its central line, forming rails 4G and 4I respectively, which enter the channels 23 above mentioned when the corresponding sashes are in the position for sliding movement only.

The outer side of strip 36 is secured closely lhinges comprises one elongated plate member 45,

extending from top to bottom of one sash, a pair `of smaller separate leaves 45 (see also Fig. l),

and a pintle 4l. The plate member 45 is formed with a longitudinal cylindrical portion 49, out away at intervals to receive a pair of correspondingly formed portions 5B upon each leaf 46, the pintle 41 then passing through the composite cylinder from the top to the bottom of the sash. The pair of leaves 4S of each hinge, is attached to the face of its respective sash (see Figs. 1 and 3), and the elongated plate member 45 slides in the channel 4S, the flat portion '5| adjacent the cylinder extending through slot 42. A conventional top knob or other suitable means may be provided to prevent the pintle from slipping out of place.

Two or more tongues 52 are formed at each side 0f plate 45, which bear resiliently against the strips 49 in offsets 44, tending to press the face of plate 45 toward the right as far as permitted by strips 30 and 3|, or 3| and 32, as the case may be, and thus to hold the opposite sides of the sashes in close contact with the righthand frame strips below described, but also permitting expansion and contraction of various parts.

The chains 55 which carry the window weights I4 and I5, are attached to the plates 45 in any suitable manner, as by hook 54 which engages chain 55 in Fig. 3. Said attachment would be near the upper end of plate Q5, consequently the chain for weight I 4 does not appear in said view.

It will be seen that the shape and construction of the various parts of the hinge are such that the composite cylindrical portion 49-50 is secured closely against the face of its respective sash and extends from top to bottom thereof, thus acting not only as a hinge but also as an additional sealing or stripping means against the passage of air around the edges of the sash.

At the opposite or right-hand side. of the window, the side frame member II is provided with offset portions Bil and 6I, and with vertical slots to receive the channel conformations of metal guiding members below described.

The right-hand side edges of sashes 20 and 2| are provided with strips 64 and B5 which are secured to the sashes in the same manner as strips 22, but which have no longitudinal channel. It will be noted, however, that at the angle formed by the outside right-hand corner of each sash,

the fold of strip 64 or 6'5, as the case may be, is extended to form a flat flange on each sash, which serves both as a slidingprail andas a weather-strip.l y

4'I0 and 85.

Also in the right-hand side cf sashes 2D and 2| are latches 61, which serve the purpose of releasably preventing swinging movement of the sashes, and also, when engaged, serve as a part of the sliding mechanism, as below explained. These latches are provided with springs, not shown, of usual or any suitable type, which tend to force the same always toward the right; the heads of the latches are drawn to the left to release the latches and swing the Window open.

AAs the engaging endshave slanted or beveled outer faces, i. e., away from the room, the latches operate automatically to relock the sash in sliding position when the sash is pushed outward.

Extending from top to bottom of the righthand frame member are metal guiding strips These are preferably of steel and provided with iron cores or backing strips similar in general function to those above described; if desired, a pair of such iron strips may be provided for each of strips 'IIJ and 80, to facilitate the conformation about to be described, in a manner which will be obvious without being illustrated or particularly described.

The guiding strip Ill `is formed to provide a U- shaped channel 'I|, the edge being preferably also doubled upon itself for additional strength; this channel is located in offset 60, and in it slides the flange of strip 54 on upper sash 29. A lateral vertical channel 'I2 is also formed in strip 10, in which the ends of latches BI on upper sash 20 engage and slide up and down, and the forward edge of 'I0 is folded around the edge of the iron core and forms a flange extending forwardly of oiset 6 I.

The guiding strip has its edges bent around one or a pair of iron cores, and is formed to provide a central vertical channel 82, in which the ends of latches 61 of the lower sash 2| engage and slide.

It will be understood that if a pair of iron cores is used in each of said strips 'I0 and 80, the central channel is formed to extend between said cores.

It will be noted that lower sash 2| is wider than upper sash 20, consequently when the lower sash is swingingly closed, though in whateversposition vertically, the ange of strip 65 will lie in the channel between strips 80 and I0 and will slide therein when the sash is raised or lowered. When tightly closed, sash 2| abuts against the flange of strip 10. The latter extends into notch 69 in the top bar of the sash.

A lock of conventional type is shown, designated 15, to prevent unauthorized sliding operation of the window, and which must also be released prior to swinging operation.4 Any desired fastening may be used for this purpose.

When the window is operated by sliding action, the weight of the sashes is counterbalanced by the sash-weights I4 and I5 in a manner analogous to that of a conventional double-hung window, except that such weights are provided at one side only. The weights act upon the sashes by means of their attachment to the sliding hinges, and the sashes are also guided by the sliding engagement of rails 4D with channels 23 and of latches BI with channels 12 and 82 respectively, as Well as by bearing against or adjacent the shoulders and anges on the outside of said sashes, above described.

To swing open either sash, thelatches 61 are drawn to the left (the lockf|5 being lunfastened), whereupon the sash may be openedto the position indicated therefore in dotted line in Fig. 2,

The sashes may be swung at any point vertically of the frame, and may also slide up or down if desired after being opened.

It will be noted that the point of attachment of the chains of the sash-weights being to theA plate 45 of the sliding hinge for each sash respectively, to which the leaves 46 are in turn secured, there is no change of position of the chain from its normal position when the sash is swung and consequently no tendency of the chain to draw the sash back into closed position.

The tongues 52 on the plates 45, tend always to force the sashes closely against the opposite or right-hand side of the frame, 'thus preventing air from leaking through, in addition to the protection afforded by the offsets, flanges and channels at that side of the window, above described. The resiliency of the flanges nevertheless permits expansion .and contraction of either the sashes or the operating parts, without lessening such weathertightness, such expansion or contraction causing a variation at the left side only. At the left-hand side, however, no leakage or draft can occur, because, in addition to the weatherstrpping effect provided by the flanges .at the corners of the sashes and by the rails 4i) and 4l in channels 23, the sliding hinge extends from top to bottom of each sash respectively, and furthermore the portion 5| covers any open space which might exist between the sash and the frame.

The construction of the hinge furthermore tends tohold the sashes respectively in vertical and non-binding relation to the frame.

The invention has been shown and described as allowing both sashes to slide and swing; the same could obviously be used as well in a window in which the conventional construction were used for one sash, and our improved construction for the other. It could also be used in a horizontal position instead of vertically.

It will be noted that if it is desired to entirely remove either sash from the frame, this may be done by simply sliding the pintle out of the hinge. The pintle being small enough to be resilient, the same may be bent to a limited degree, if necessary in order to clear the frame in the act of removing the pintle from the hinge. Such removal of the sash is a convenience in the case of painting, replacement of broken panes, or for other reasons.

We do not limit ourselves to the particular details of construction set forth in the foregoing specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, as the same refer to only certain embodiments of the invention and it is obvious that the same may be modied, within the scope of the claims hereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:

1. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a recess in one side thereof; guides adjacent said recess and forming a slot therebetween; a sash; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed of a sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a central enlarged tubular portion to receive a pintle and a connecting portion extending therefrom for slidable engagement in said slot and separated to form diverging Wings for slidable engagement in said recess, a member secured to said sash and comprising a tubular portion for receiving said pintle, and a pintle passing thru -both of said tubular portions and thereby operatively connecting said members; and means on said sash releasably engaging the opposite side of said frame.

2. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a recess in' one side thereof; guides adjacent said recess and forming a slot therebetween; a sash; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed of a sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a central enlarged tubular portion to receive a pintle and a connecting portion extending therefrom for slidable engagement in said slot and separated to form diverging wings .for slidable engagement in said recess, a member secured to said sash and comprising a tubular portion for receiving said pintle, and a pintle passing thru both of said tubular portions and thereby operatively connecting said members; a sash weight operatively connected to the sliding member of said hinge; and means on said sash releasably slidably engaging the opposite side of said frame.

3. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a recess in one side thereof; guides adjacent said recess and forming a slot therebetween; a sash; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed of a Sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a central enlarged tubular portion to receive a pintle and a connecting portion sliding in said slot and separated to form diverging wings loosely slidable in said recess, a member secured to said sash and comprising a tubular portion for receiving said pintle, and a pintle passing thru both of said tubular portions and thereby operatively connecting said members; resilient means urging said hinge 'and thereby said sash toward the opposite side of said frame; and means on said sash slidably loosely engaging the opposite side of said frame, and means releasably preventing swinging movement of said sash.

4. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a recess in one side thereof; guides adjacent said recess and forming a slot therebetween; a sash; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed of a sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a portion to receive a pintle and a connecting portion for slidable engagement in said slot, and diverging to form wings for slidable engagement in said recess, a member secured to said sash, and a pintle operativey connecting said members; means on said sash releasably engaging the opposite side of said frame; and resilient tongues formed in said sliding member of said hinge and bearing against the inner wall of said recess, whereby said sash is held closely and resiliently against the opposite side of said frame.

5. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a recess in one side thereof; guiding members partially closing said recess and forming a slot therebetween; a sash; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed with a pair of wings slidably retained in said recess by said guiding members, a portion sliding in said slot and of greater width than the thickness of said guiding members to permit an inward and outward movement therein, and a tubular portion for receiving the pintle, said tubular portion being of substantially larger diameter than the width of said slot, a member secured to said sash and comprising a tubular portion of approximately equal diameter with said first-named tubular portion, and a pintle passing thru said tubular portions; a sash-weight operatively connected to said sliding member of said hinge; means on said sash releasably slidably engaging the opposite side of said frame; and resilient means tending to hold said sash closely against the l'aSt-named'side of said frame; the depth of said recessibeing greater than the thickness of said wings, wherebysaid sliding hinge member may slide a predetermined distance inwardly and outwardly as well as longitudinally in said slot, and said tubular portions and said wings respectively limiting said inward and outward movement.

6. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a recess in one side thereof; guiding members partially closing said recess and forming a slot therebetween; a sash; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed with a pair of wings slidably retained in said recess by said guiding members, a portion sliding in said slot and of greater width than the thickness of said guiding members, a portion for receiving the pintle, and resilient tongues on said wings bearing against the inner wall of said recess, a member secured to said sash, and a pintle; a sash-weight opera-V tively connected to said sliding member of said hinge; and means on said sash releasably slidably engaging the opposite side of said frame; the depth of said recess being greater than the thickness of said wings, whereby said sliding hinge member may slide a predetermined distance in- Wardly and outwardly as well as longitudinally in said slot.

7. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a runway in one side thereof; a sash,

comprising a wooden frame; metal guiding members secured to said side frame adjacent said recess, one of the same being formed to provide a vertical rail; a metal member secured to the adjacent sde of said sash and formed to provide aV channel for slidable engagement with said rail and to provide an extending flange to prevent passage of air; a sliding hinge, comprising a member formed of a sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a portion to receive a pintle and a connecting portion, and diverging therefrom to form wings for slidable engagement with said runway, a member secured to said sash, and a pintle; a metal guiding member secured to the opposite side of said frame and formed to provide vertical channels; a metal member secured to the adjacent side of said sash and formed to provide a vertical ange adapted to slide in one of said last-named channels; and means on said sash for releasable engagement with the other of said last-named channels.

8. A window construction comprising a frame formed with a pair of runways extending from top to bottom at one side thereof; an upper and a lower sash; a sliding hinge for each sash, comprising a member formed of a sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a portion to'receive a pintle and a` connecting portion, and diverging therefrom to form uwings-rior slidable engagement with one, of said runways, members secured lto'said sash, and a pintle; a sash-weight operatively connected to each hinge; guiding members adjacent said recesses, formed to provide vertical rails; members attached to the adjacent sides of said sashes, formed to provide channels for slidable engagement with said rails and to provide extending flanges to prevent passage of air; guiding members on the opposite side of said frame, formed to provide vertical channels; means on the adjacent sides of said sashes for releasable slidable engagement with channels` in said last-named guiding members to prevent swingingmovement of said sashes when so engaged; members attached to the adjacent sides of said sashes, formed to provide flanges which slide loosely in outwardly extending channels in said last-named guiding members; laterally oiset portions of said frame adjacent said guiding members, and resilient means integral with said wings tending to hold said sashes closely against the side of said frame opposite said recesses.

9. A hinge construction for slidable and swingable objects, comprising a member formed of a single sheet of material bent upon itself to provide a central tubular portion to receive a pintle and a connecting portion comprising parts of said sheet of material lying substantially adjacent back to back, and separated to form diverging wings for engagement in a runway, said connecting portion being adapted for slidable engagement in a slot between guiding means forming part of said runway and said wings and said tubular portion limiting inward and outward movement of said member in said slot; a pintle in said tubular portion; and an attaching plate swingable on said pintle.

10. A hinge construction for slidable and l swingable objects, comprising a member formed GEORGE SCHULER. HENRY TYMANN. 

